C180 Introduction to Psychology - Set 3 - Part 2

Correct Answer: Companionate love

Companionate love combines intimacy and commitment without passion, creating emotionally close, deliberately committed relationships lacking sexual desire elements.
Option a is incorrect because platonic love typically describes friendships rather than the intimate-committed combination without passion described here specifically in relationships.
Option c is incorrect because friendly love isn't technical terminology; companionate love specifically describes this intimacy-commitment combination without passionate elements present.
Option d is incorrect because committed love emphasizes one dimension rather than the specific two-dimension combination that defines companionate love relationships described.

Correct Answer: Qualitative data

Qualitative data consists of nonnumerical observations and descriptions that researchers document carefully for systematic analysis in scientific studies.
Option a is incorrect because observational data might include numbers rather than specifically the nonnumerical descriptive records defining qualitative data described here.
Option c is incorrect because descriptive data could include statistics rather than exclusively the nonnumerical observations that characterize qualitative data specifically mentioned.
Option d is incorrect because narrative data implies stories rather than the broader nonnumerical observational records used in qualitative research systematically.

Correct Answer: Group conformity

Group conformity occurs when cohesive groups pressure individuals into adopting majority views, particularly on ambiguous tasks lacking clear answers.
Option a is incorrect because peer pressure is the force rather than the conformity behavior resulting from cohesive group dynamics described here.
Option c is incorrect because social compliance suggests following requests rather than the internalized adoption of majority views through group pressure.
Option d is incorrect because majority influence describes the source rather than the conformity phenomenon resulting from cohesive group pressure specifically described.

Correct Answer: Spinal cord

The spinal cord is the flexible neural structure within vertebrae enabling bidirectional communication between brain and body systems.
Option a is incorrect because nerve cord is imprecise rather than the specific anatomical term spinal cord for this vertebral neural structure.
Option c is incorrect because central pathway describes function rather than the anatomical structure spinal cord within the vertebral column specifically identified.
Option d is incorrect because neural channel is generic rather than the specific spinal cord structure enabling brain-body communication pathways described here.

Correct Answer: Encoding failure

Encoding failure occurs when insufficient initial processing prevents information from entering long-term memory storage for later retrieval access.
Option a is incorrect because storage failure suggests problems maintaining memories rather than the initial encoding insufficiency preventing storage described here.
Option c is incorrect because processing error is vague rather than specifically identifying encoding failure as insufficient initial memory formation processing.
Option d is incorrect because memory deficit implies general impairment rather than the specific encoding failure preventing long-term storage described systematically.

Correct Answer: Endocrine system

The endocrine system's interconnected glands produce hormones affecting psychological states and physical organs throughout the body via bloodstream distribution.
Option a is incorrect because hormonal system is descriptive rather than the formal anatomical term endocrine system for these interconnected glands specifically.
Option c is incorrect because glandular system includes non-hormonal glands rather than specifically the hormone-producing endocrine glands described here comprehensively throughout.
Option d is incorrect because chemical system is too broad rather than identifying the specific endocrine glands producing hormones systemically described.

Correct Answer: Proximity factor

The proximity factor explains how physical closeness to authority figures dramatically increases obedience compared to remote command situations.
Option a is incorrect because physical presence describes the condition rather than the proximity factor principle affecting obedience rates specifically demonstrated here.
Option c is incorrect because distance variable is statistical terminology rather than the established proximity factor in obedience research literature described specifically.
Option d is incorrect because authority nearness is descriptive rather than the technical proximity factor term used in compliance research studies.

Correct Answer: Secure attachment

Secure attachment characterizes adults comfortable with interdependence who don't fear relationship loss, representing the majority attachment style studied scientifically.
Option a is incorrect because stable attachment isn't standard terminology; secure attachment is the established term for this healthy relationship pattern described.
Option c is incorrect because healthy attachment is evaluative rather than the technical term secure attachment used in developmental psychology research specifically.
Option d is incorrect because balanced attachment isn't recognized terminology for the secure style characterized by comfort with closeness without loss fears.

Correct Answer: Brainstem

The brainstem contains the reticular formation with activating systems maintaining alertness through hypothalamic connections and sensory input pathways integration.
Option a is incorrect because the cerebrum handles higher functions rather than containing the reticular formation's alertness-maintaining systems described here specifically throughout.
Option c is incorrect because the midbrain is one brainstem component rather than the complete structure containing the reticular formation described comprehensively.
Option d is incorrect because the forebrain includes cerebral structures rather than the brainstem location of the reticular activating system mentioned.

Correct Answer: Context retrieval

Context-dependent retrieval explains how matching physical environments between encoding and recall enhances memory performance in testing situations significantly.
Option a is incorrect because environmental matching describes the condition rather than the retrieval phenomenon where context similarity improves memory performance specifically.
Option c is incorrect because location effect is imprecise rather than the established context-dependent retrieval principle demonstrated in memory research studies.
Option d is incorrect because setting dependency isn't standard terminology; context-dependent retrieval is the recognized term for this environmental memory effect.

Correct Answer: Commitment

Commitment involves conscious decisions maintaining relationships despite challenges, forming one dimension alongside passion and intimacy in love relationships.
Option a is incorrect because dedication is similar conceptually but not the specific technical term used in the triangular model theory described.
Option c is incorrect because resolution suggests problem-solving rather than the ongoing conscious decision to maintain relationships that defines commitment specifically.
Option d is incorrect because determination implies persistence rather than the deliberate relationship maintenance decisions characterizing the commitment dimension described here technically.

Correct Answer: Sampling bias

Sampling bias results from non-random selection causing certain characteristics to be over or underrepresented compared to actual population distributions.
Option a is incorrect because selection problem is generic rather than the specific sampling bias from non-random participant selection in research described.
Option c is incorrect because research skew isn't standard terminology for the disproportionate representation caused by biased sampling procedures described here specifically.
Option d is incorrect because population bias suggests the population itself is biased rather than the sampling process creating disproportionate representation systematically.

Correct Answer: Passionate love

Passionate love involves intense sudden feelings with sexual attraction, mutual desire, and fear of losing the relationship described comprehensively.
Option a is incorrect because romantic love combines passion with intimacy rather than the purely intense passionate characteristics described here specifically alone.
Option c is incorrect because sexual love emphasizes physical aspects rather than the complete emotional intensity including relationship loss fears mentioned.
Option d is incorrect because erotic love focuses on sexuality rather than the broader passionate experience including emotional intensity and loss fears.

Correct Answer: Thyroid

The thyroid gland at the neck's base regulates cellular metabolism throughout the body and ensures proper growth and development.
Option a is incorrect because parathyroid glands regulate calcium rather than controlling metabolic rate and growth as described in this question specifically.
Option c is incorrect because lymph nodes filter immune cells rather than producing hormones that control metabolism and development throughout body systems.
Option d is incorrect because salivary glands produce saliva for digestion rather than hormones regulating cellular metabolism and growth processes described.

Correct Answer: Debriefing

Debriefing involves explaining research purposes after participation while allowing participants to ask questions about their study involvement experience comprehensively.
Option a is incorrect because disclosure is partial rather than the complete debriefing process including explanations and participant questions after research completion.
Option c is incorrect because explanation is one component rather than the full debriefing practice including participant questions about involvement described here.
Option d is incorrect because clarification suggests answering confusion rather than the systematic debriefing process following research participation described specifically here systematically.

Correct Answer: Conformity pressure

Conformity pressure causes minorities to doubt themselves and adopt majority views, especially on difficult or ambiguous tasks described systematically.
Option a is incorrect because minority submission implies forced compliance rather than the self-doubt and voluntary adoption characterizing conformity pressure described here.
Option c is incorrect because majority adoption describes the outcome rather than the conformity pressure phenomenon causing minorities to change views specifically.
Option d is incorrect because group influence is broad rather than specifically the conformity pressure on minorities during difficult tasks described comprehensively here.

Correct Answer: Scientific data

Scientific data encompasses both quantitative measurements and qualitative observations researchers collect systematically for hypothesis testing in studies conducted rigorously.
Option a is incorrect because research material might include equipment rather than specifically the measurements and observations that constitute data described here.
Option c is incorrect because study information is vague rather than the specific term data for collected measurements and observations described systematically.
Option d is incorrect because collected evidence implies support for conclusions rather than neutral data consisting of measurements and observations described comprehensively.

Correct Answer: Somatic division

The somatic division of peripheral nervous system controls voluntary movements and transmits sensory information between body and brain consciously.
Option a is incorrect because motor division only addresses movement rather than both voluntary control and sensory transmission the somatic system handles.
Option b is incorrect because voluntary division isn't standard terminology; somatic is the established term for this peripheral nervous system component described.
Option c is incorrect because conscious division is descriptive rather than the anatomical term somatic for voluntary and sensory nervous system functions.

Correct Answer: APA organization

The American Psychological Association establishes professional ethical standards for research and practice while representing psychologists nationally throughout United States.
Option a is incorrect because ethics committee is generic rather than identifying the specific APA organization that sets psychology standards nationally described.
Option c is incorrect because psychology board suggests regulatory authority rather than the professional association setting voluntary ethical standards described here specifically.
Option d is incorrect because national council is vague rather than the specific American Psychological Association setting professional psychology standards comprehensively described.

Correct Answer: Operational definitions

Operational definitions specify precisely how concepts will be manipulated and measured before research begins, ensuring clarity in methodology systematically.
Option a is incorrect because research specifications is broader than the specific operational definitions of concept manipulation and measurement described here precisely.
Option c is incorrect because measurement protocols address procedures rather than defining how abstract concepts become measurable variables described specifically here comprehensively.
Option d is incorrect because study definitions is generic rather than the technical term operational definitions for concept measurement specifications described systematically.