D429 Introduction to AI for Computer Scientists - Set 3 - Part 1

Correct Answer: Model-based learning agent

Option b is correct because model-based learning agents maintain visitor models and adapt explanations based on observed expertise and interaction patterns.
Option a is incorrect because static response systems cannot adapt explanations to different expertise levels or learn from visitor feedback effectively.
Option c is incorrect because lookup tables lack the dynamic adaptation needed to personalize content based on evolving visitor understanding levels.
Option d is incorrect because fixed scripts provide identical content regardless of visitor expertise, missing personalization opportunities for enhanced learning.

Correct Answer: Passive observation systems

Option b is correct because passive systems observe without emitting signals or requiring physical intervention that could disturb natural animal behaviors.
Option a is incorrect because active sensors emit signals that may interfere with animal navigation systems or alter natural behavioral patterns.
Option c is incorrect because invasive tracking methods directly disturb animals and their habitats, potentially affecting migration patterns being studied.
Option d is incorrect because continuous intervention disrupts natural behaviors, making collected data unrepresentative of actual migration patterns in nature.

Correct Answer: Cultural adaptation layer

Option b is correct because cultural adaptation layers understand and transform content to maintain appropriate meaning across different cultural contexts effectively.
Option a is incorrect because literal translation often produces culturally inappropriate or confusing messages that damage business relationships and communications.
Option c is incorrect because dictionary lookups lack cultural context, missing important nuances in business etiquette and communication styles across cultures.
Option d is incorrect because grammar checking ensures structural correctness but ignores cultural meanings and appropriate business communication conventions entirely.

Correct Answer: Ontological knowledge graphs

Option b is correct because knowledge graphs can represent complex chemical relationships, biological pathways, and interaction networks comprehensively for drug discovery.
Option a is incorrect because list formats cannot capture the intricate relationships between chemical structures, biological targets, and interaction mechanisms effectively.
Option c is incorrect because flat files lack the relational structure needed to model complex drug interactions and biological pathway networks.
Option d is incorrect because unstructured notes make systematic analysis of drug interactions impossible without organized relationship representations available.

Correct Answer: Transparent correction process

Option b is correct because transparency about errors and correction processes builds trust while demonstrating commitment to accuracy and improvement.
Option a is incorrect because hiding errors destroys trust when customers discover the deception, causing lasting damage to company reputation.
Option c is incorrect because blaming users for AI mistakes alienates customers and fails to address the underlying system problems requiring correction.
Option d is incorrect because ignoring feedback prevents improvement and shows disrespect for customer concerns, eroding trust and satisfaction progressively.

Correct Answer: Hybrid seasonal models

Option b is correct because hybrid models combine regular seasonal patterns with event-based adjustments for accurate demand forecasting during special occasions.
Option a is incorrect because moving averages smooth out the spikes from special events, underestimating demand during critical high-volume periods significantly.
Option c is incorrect because random predictions provide no value for business planning and resource allocation during important event periods.
Option d is incorrect because static baselines cannot adapt to either seasonal variations or special event demand spikes affecting delivery volumes.

Correct Answer: Dynamic safety-critical environment

Option b is correct because air traffic involves constantly changing conditions where errors risk human lives, requiring maximum safety considerations.
Option a is incorrect because weather and flight paths change continuously, making the environment highly dynamic rather than predictable or static.
Option c is incorrect because weather uncertainty and multiple aircraft interactions make the system complex and non-deterministic, not simple or predictable.
Option d is incorrect because air traffic control involves continuous monitoring of high-risk situations where errors could cause catastrophic accidents.

Correct Answer: Integrated behavior monitoring

Option b is correct because combining multiple indicators like response time, question patterns, and engagement metrics comprehensively identifies confusion effectively.
Option a is incorrect because audio alone misses important confusion indicators like hesitation in typing or navigation patterns in learning materials.
Option c is incorrect because text chat exclusively ignores non-verbal confusion signals and students who struggle silently without asking questions.
Option d is incorrect because single indicators provide incomplete pictures of student understanding, missing confusion expressed through other channels entirely.

Correct Answer: Stochastic optimization methods

Option b is correct because stochastic methods handle uncertainty in renewable generation while maintaining grid stability through probabilistic optimization approaches.
Option a is incorrect because fixed rules cannot adapt to the variable nature of renewable sources like wind and solar power generation.
Option c is incorrect because maximum output without considering demand or grid capacity could cause system overloads and infrastructure damage.
Option d is incorrect because prioritizing single sources wastes available renewable energy and reduces system resilience to source-specific fluctuations.

Correct Answer: Skills-focused assessment design

Option b is correct because focusing on demonstrated skills rather than employment continuity fairly evaluates candidates regardless of career interruptions.
Option a is incorrect because increasing gap penalties worsens bias against candidates with legitimate reasons for career interruptions like caregiving.
Option c is incorrect because emphasizing timelines perpetuates discrimination against those with employment gaps due to health, education, or family.
Option d is incorrect because requiring continuous employment excludes talented candidates who took breaks for valid personal or professional development reasons.

Correct Answer: Conditional scenario simulation

Option b is correct because simulating specific stress conditions reveals defects that only manifest under particular operational circumstances or environmental factors.
Option a is incorrect because random checking might miss defects that only appear under specific conditions not present during spot inspections.
Option c is incorrect because visual inspection cannot detect internal defects or issues that only become visible under operational stress conditions.
Option d is incorrect because standard protocols may not include the specific conditions that trigger certain types of manufacturing defects comprehensively.

Correct Answer: Temporal coordination detection

Option b is correct because analyzing temporal patterns reveals coordinated posting behaviors that indicate manipulation rather than organic activism movements.
Option a is incorrect because reviewing individual posts misses the coordination patterns that distinguish manipulation campaigns from genuine grassroots activism.
Option c is incorrect because keyword filtering alone cannot differentiate between authentic activism and coordinated manipulation using similar language strategically.
Option d is incorrect because random sampling fails to detect the systematic coordination patterns characteristic of organized manipulation campaigns online.

Correct Answer: Dynamic jurisdiction mapping

Option b is correct because dynamic mapping applies appropriate maritime laws based on vessel location, ensuring compliance across international waters.
Option a is incorrect because single rule sets violate laws in waters with different regulations, risking legal penalties and diplomatic incidents.
Option c is incorrect because ignoring laws endangers crew safety, risks international incidents, and results in severe legal and financial penalties.
Option d is incorrect because manual override alone cannot ensure consistent compliance with complex, changing maritime regulations across jurisdictions effectively.

Correct Answer: Differential privacy aggregation

Option b is correct because differential privacy allows therapists to track aggregate progress patterns while mathematically guaranteeing individual patient privacy.
Option a is incorrect because full data sharing violates patient confidentiality, breaching ethical guidelines and legal requirements for mental health treatment.
Option c is incorrect because collecting no data prevents therapists from tracking progress, reducing treatment effectiveness and patient outcome improvements.
Option d is incorrect because public posting severely violates patient privacy and confidentiality, causing harm and breaking professional ethical standards.

Correct Answer: Multispectral imaging analysis

Option b is correct because multispectral imaging reveals distinct signatures for drought stress versus disease that aren't visible in standard imagery.
Option a is incorrect because temperature alone cannot distinguish whether stress comes from water shortage or pathogenic infection in crops effectively.
Option c is incorrect because soil moisture only indicates water availability, not whether visible stress symptoms result from drought or disease.
Option d is incorrect because visual color changes look similar for various stress types, making accurate differentiation impossible without spectral analysis.

Correct Answer: Bias-aware modeling techniques

Option b is correct because bias-aware techniques can identify crime patterns while actively correcting for discriminatory enforcement practices in historical data.
Option a is incorrect because historical data alone perpetuates past discriminatory policing patterns, reinforcing rather than correcting systemic bias issues.
Option c is incorrect because arrest records reflect biased enforcement rather than actual crime occurrence, amplifying discrimination in predictive policing.
Option d is incorrect because demographic targeting explicitly discriminates against communities, violating civil rights and perpetuating unjust policing practices.

Correct Answer: Constrained creative generation

Option b is correct because constrained generation produces original content within brand guidelines while avoiding similarity to existing competitor campaigns.
Option a is incorrect because direct competitor analysis risks unconscious copying or creating derivative content that appears unoriginal or plagiarized.
Option c is incorrect because copying competitors violates intellectual property rights and damages brand reputation for lack of originality.
Option d is incorrect because merely replicating trends produces generic content lacking the distinctive creativity needed for effective marketing differentiation.

Correct Answer: Statistical pattern analysis

Option b is correct because analyzing patterns in cancellations and ratings can reveal discrimination without invasive monitoring of personal interactions.
Option a is incorrect because recording all conversations violates privacy for both drivers and passengers while creating massive surveillance concerns.
Option c is incorrect because no monitoring allows discrimination to continue unchecked, harming passengers and violating anti-discrimination policies and laws.
Option d is incorrect because tracking passenger appearance for bias detection ironically requires discriminatory data collection based on protected characteristics.

Correct Answer: Domain adaptation techniques

Option b is correct because domain adaptation allows models to adjust to different imaging equipment characteristics while maintaining diagnostic accuracy.
Option a is incorrect because single models perform poorly on equipment different from their training data, risking misdiagnosis in diverse hospitals.
Option c is incorrect because training separate models for each equipment type is impractical and prevents knowledge sharing across installations.
Option d is incorrect because accepting reduced accuracy in medical diagnosis risks patient harm and violates healthcare quality standards fundamentally.

Correct Answer: Relationship context modeling

Option b is correct because understanding player relationships and game context helps distinguish friendly competition from genuine harassment accurately.
Option a is incorrect because word blacklists miss context, potentially censoring legitimate game discussion while missing sophisticated harassment tactics.
Option c is incorrect because blocking all chat eliminates the social aspects that make online gaming enjoyable and collaborative for players.
Option d is incorrect because ignoring harassment severity fails to protect players from genuine harm while over-moderating harmless competitive exchanges.