D440 Health and Wellness Through Nutritional Science - Set 3 - Part 1

Correct Answer: Nutrient-dense affordable foods

Option c is correct because foods like beans, eggs, and frozen vegetables provide maximum nutrition at minimal cost for families.
Option a is incorrect because expensive organic foods are unaffordable for low-income families and don't necessarily provide superior nutrition consistently.
Option b is incorrect because processed foods are often nutrient-poor and can be more expensive per nutrient than whole foods.
Option d is incorrect because skipping meals leads to malnutrition and doesn't solve the underlying need for affordable nutrition access.

Correct Answer: Check tube placement

Option b is correct because verifying placement before each feeding prevents aspiration and ensures nutrition reaches the stomach safely.
Option a is incorrect because continuous or intermittent feedings may be prescribed based on individual tolerance and medical needs specifically.
Option c is incorrect because water flushes prevent tube clogging and ensure medication delivery, maintaining tube patency for nutrition delivery.
Option d is incorrect because lying flat after feeding increases reflux and aspiration risk, requiring elevated positioning for safety.

Correct Answer: Moderate protein restriction

Option b is correct because limiting protein reduces uremic toxin buildup while maintaining nutritional status before dialysis initiation begins.
Option a is incorrect because unrestricted protein accelerates kidney function decline by increasing nitrogen waste products requiring excretion constantly.
Option c is incorrect because eliminating protein causes malnutrition and muscle wasting without significantly benefiting kidney function preservation ultimately.
Option d is incorrect because doubling protein would rapidly worsen kidney function and hasten the need for dialysis treatment.

Correct Answer: Vitamin B12 essential

Option b is correct because breast milk from vegan mothers lacks B12, risking infant neurological damage without supplementation provided.
Option a is incorrect because vitamin C is plentiful in vegan diets and transfers adequately through breast milk to infants.
Option c is incorrect because vitamin A from plant sources converts adequately and excess supplementation could cause toxicity in infants.
Option d is incorrect because vitamin E megadoses are unnecessary and potentially harmful for breastfed infants of vegan mothers.

Correct Answer: Vegetable protein preferred

Option b is correct because plant proteins produce less ammonia than animal proteins, reducing encephalopathy risk while maintaining nutrition.
Option a is incorrect because excessive protein of any type increases ammonia production, worsening mental status in cirrhotic patients.
Option c is incorrect because eliminating protein causes malnutrition and muscle wasting, actually worsening encephalopathy through other mechanisms involved.
Option d is incorrect because animal proteins produce more ammonia than plant sources, increasing encephalopathy risk in liver disease.

Correct Answer: Account for calories

Option b is correct because dialysate glucose contributes significant calories requiring consideration in meal planning and diabetes management appropriately.
Option a is incorrect because ignoring absorbed glucose leads to excessive caloric intake and poor glycemic control in dialysis patients.
Option c is incorrect because adding more simple sugars compounds the glucose load from dialysate, worsening blood sugar control significantly.
Option d is incorrect because avoiding all carbohydrates while absorbing glucose from dialysate creates imbalanced nutrition and hypoglycemia risk.

Correct Answer: Thiamine administration urgent

Option b is correct because thiamine deficiency causes potentially irreversible brain damage requiring immediate replacement before glucose administration begins.
Option a is incorrect because protein supplementation, while important, doesn't prevent the acute neurological emergency of Wernicke encephalopathy developing rapidly.
Option c is incorrect because fat restriction has no role in preventing Wernicke encephalopathy and may worsen nutritional status.
Option d is incorrect because calcium supplementation doesn't prevent Wernicke encephalopathy and isn't an emergency priority in alcoholism.

Correct Answer: Clear liquids first

Option b is correct because starting with clear liquids minimizes pancreatic stimulation while assessing tolerance before advancing diet gradually.
Option a is incorrect because high fat foods strongly stimulate pancreatic secretion and could trigger another acute pancreatitis episode immediately.
Option c is incorrect because jumping to regular diet may overwhelm the recovering pancreas and cause symptom recurrence quickly developing.
Option d is incorrect because alcohol is absolutely contraindicated as it directly damages pancreatic tissue and triggers inflammation recurrence.

Correct Answer: Extra carbohydrates planned

Option b is correct because planned carbohydrate intake before and during exercise prevents hypoglycemia while maintaining performance levels effectively.
Option a is incorrect because skipping insulin causes dangerous hyperglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis, especially with exercise stress hormones released.
Option c is incorrect because exercise benefits diabetes management and shouldn't be avoided with proper planning and monitoring implemented.
Option d is incorrect because fasting before sports increases hypoglycemia risk and impairs athletic performance in type one diabetes.

Correct Answer: Soluble fiber increase

Option b is correct because soluble fiber softens stool and regulates bowel movements without causing gas and bloating typically.
Option a is incorrect because eliminating fiber worsens constipation and removes beneficial effects on gut microbiome and motility regulation.
Option c is incorrect because insoluble fiber can worsen bloating and gas in IBS patients while potentially increasing abdominal discomfort.
Option d is incorrect because dietary modifications are first-line therapy for IBS and significantly improve symptoms in most patients.

Correct Answer: Arm circumference measurement

Option b is correct because mid-arm circumference reflects muscle mass when mobility prevents standing weight measurements or other assessments.
Option a is incorrect because body weight includes fluid shifts and doesn't specifically indicate muscle mass in bedridden patients accurately.
Option c is incorrect because skin color doesn't correlate with muscle mass or nutritional status requiring intervention for pressure ulcers.
Option d is incorrect because temperature monitoring doesn't assess nutritional status or muscle mass relevant to pressure ulcer risk.

Correct Answer: Vitamin B12 required

Option b is correct because pernicious anemia results from lacking intrinsic factor needed for B12 absorption in the terminal ileum.
Option a is incorrect because iron deficiency causes different anemia types and pernicious anemia specifically involves B12 malabsorption only occurring.
Option c is incorrect because folate deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia but not pernicious anemia specifically requiring intrinsic factor replacement.
Option d is incorrect because vitamin K deficiency affects clotting, not red blood cell production involved in pernicious anemia pathology.

Correct Answer: Adequate fat intake

Option b is correct because fats, especially omega-3 fatty acids, support brain development and myelination during critical growth periods.
Option a is incorrect because limiting fats during toddlerhood impairs brain development and can cause permanent cognitive deficits occurring subsequently.
Option c is incorrect because adequate protein supports overall growth including brain development during this critical developmental window period occurring.
Option d is incorrect because carbohydrates provide glucose, the brain's primary fuel source essential for cognitive function and development.

Correct Answer: Low fiber diet

Option b is correct because reducing fiber decreases bowel stimulation and allows inflamed intestinal tissue to heal effectively over time.
Option a is incorrect because high fiber increases stool bulk and bowel movements, worsening diarrhea in radiation-damaged intestines significantly occurring.
Option c is incorrect because raw vegetables are difficult to digest and can exacerbate diarrhea in radiation enteritis patients consistently.
Option d is incorrect because radiation often causes lactose intolerance, and dairy products worsen diarrhea in affected patients typically.

Correct Answer: Structured meal planning

Option b is correct because planned portions and regular meals help manage medication-induced appetite changes and weight gain effectively.
Option a is incorrect because ignoring weight gain leads to diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and medication non-compliance in psychiatric patients.
Option c is incorrect because unrestricted eating combined with increased appetite from antipsychotics causes dangerous weight gain and complications.
Option d is incorrect because skipping meals disrupts metabolism and can interfere with medication absorption and psychiatric stability maintenance.

Correct Answer: Enhanced seasonings used

Option b is correct because herbs and spices compensate for diminished taste, making food more appealing and increasing intake naturally.
Option a is incorrect because bland foods are even less appealing with reduced taste sensation, further decreasing nutritional intake problematically.
Option c is incorrect because eliminating spices removes flavor enhancement tools that could stimulate appetite in taste-impaired elderly patients.
Option d is incorrect because liquid diets aren't necessary for taste changes and may reduce satisfaction and nutritional variety unnecessarily.

Correct Answer: Gradual weight restoration

Option b is correct because slow, steady weight gain prevents refeeding syndrome while supporting psychological adjustment to body changes occurring.
Option a is incorrect because rapid weight gain can trigger refeeding syndrome and increase anxiety, potentially causing relapse behaviors manifesting.
Option c is incorrect because continued weight loss indicates treatment failure and requires immediate intervention modification to prevent complications developing.
Option d is incorrect because extreme fluctuations suggest purging behaviors or poor treatment adherence requiring closer monitoring and support.

Correct Answer: High potassium limited

Option b is correct because limiting high-potassium foods like bananas and potatoes prevents dangerous cardiac arrhythmias from hyperkalemia developing.
Option a is incorrect because many vegetables are low in potassium and provide important nutrients for kidney disease patients needing variety.
Option c is incorrect because bananas are extremely high in potassium and could cause life-threatening hyperkalemia in kidney disease.
Option d is incorrect because adding potassium supplements would be dangerous and contraindicated in chronic kidney disease patients specifically.

Correct Answer: Adequate protein essential

Option b is correct because protein provides amino acids for tissue repair while supporting immune function during wound healing processes.
Option a is incorrect because calorie restriction impairs wound healing by reducing energy available for tissue regeneration and immune responses.
Option c is incorrect because eliminating carbohydrates causes hypoglycemia and removes energy needed for healing processes in diabetic patients specifically.
Option d is incorrect because essential fatty acids support cell membrane formation and inflammatory responses necessary for wound healing progression.

Correct Answer: Appetite stimulants considered

Option b is correct because medications like megestrol acetate can improve appetite and food intake in cancer cachexia patients effectively.
Option a is incorrect because force feeding increases distress without reversing the metabolic changes causing cachexia in cancer patients ultimately.
Option c is incorrect because restricting food worsens malnutrition and accelerates functional decline in already cachectic cancer patients significantly occurring.
Option d is incorrect because providing only water accelerates malnutrition and doesn't address the complex metabolic derangements in cachexia.