D440 Health and Wellness Through Nutritional Science - Set 1 - Part 3

Correct Answer: Three hours prior

Option b is correct because three hours allows complete digestion while maintaining energy stores for optimal athletic performance.
Option a is incorrect because eating immediately before competition causes cramping and diverts blood flow from muscles to digestion.
Option c is incorrect because eight hours is too long, depleting glycogen stores and reducing available energy for competition.
Option d is incorrect because competing without fuel impairs performance and increases risk of hypoglycemia during intense exercise.

Correct Answer: Increase protein intake

Option b is correct because protein provides amino acids essential for collagen synthesis and tissue repair in wounds.
Option a is incorrect because calorie restriction would impair wound healing by reducing available energy for tissue regeneration.
Option c is incorrect because fats provide essential fatty acids needed for cell membrane formation during wound healing.
Option d is incorrect because vitamins, especially C and A, are crucial for collagen formation and immune function.

Correct Answer: Small frequent meals

Option c is correct because small meals reduce stomach distension and are easier to empty with impaired motility.
Option a is incorrect because large meals overwhelm the sluggish stomach, worsening fullness, nausea, and vomiting significantly.
Option b is incorrect because fat delays gastric emptying further, exacerbating gastroparesis symptoms and reducing oral intake.
Option d is incorrect because fiber slows digestion and can form bezoars in the stomach with delayed emptying.

Correct Answer: Hypokalemia danger present

Option b is correct because vomiting causes potassium loss that can trigger fatal cardiac arrhythmias requiring immediate correction.
Option a is incorrect because hypernatremia is unlikely with vomiting; hyponatremia from fluid shifts is more common actually.
Option c is incorrect because hypercalcemia doesn't typically occur with purging behaviors and isn't an immediate threat.
Option d is incorrect because phosphate levels usually decrease, not increase, with frequent vomiting and poor intake.

Correct Answer: Small nutrient-dense meals

Option c is correct because small meals prevent diaphragm compression while providing concentrated nutrition for energy needs.
Option a is incorrect because large meals compress the diaphragm, making breathing more difficult for COPD patients significantly.
Option b is incorrect because high carbohydrate intake increases carbon dioxide production, worsening respiratory acidosis in COPD.
Option d is incorrect because fluids with meals increase fullness and can worsen shortness of breath during eating.

Correct Answer: Gradual feeding progression

Option b is correct because slowly increasing calories prevents dangerous electrolyte shifts that can cause cardiac failure.
Option a is incorrect because rapid refeeding causes phosphate, magnesium, and potassium shifts potentially causing death quickly.
Option c is incorrect because high protein alone doesn't prevent electrolyte imbalances and may worsen renal function initially.
Option d is incorrect because immediate full feeding would trigger severe refeeding syndrome in starved patients immediately.

Correct Answer: Low FODMAP diet

Option b is correct because reducing fermentable carbohydrates decreases gas production and improves IBS symptoms significantly.
Option a is incorrect because some fiber, particularly soluble fiber, can help regulate bowel movements in IBS patients.
Option c is incorrect because lactose often triggers IBS symptoms and should be limited rather than increased significantly.
Option d is incorrect because many IBS patients have gluten sensitivity, and increasing intake would worsen symptoms typically.

Correct Answer: Malnutrition screening tool

Option b is correct because validated screening tools quickly identify patients needing comprehensive nutritional assessment and intervention promptly.
Option a is incorrect because food preferences don't indicate nutritional status or identify malnutrition risk factors effectively.
Option c is incorrect because exercise history alone doesn't assess nutritional intake or identify malnutrition risk comprehensively.
Option d is incorrect because while medications affect nutrition, reviewing them alone doesn't screen for malnutrition adequately.

Correct Answer: NPO initially recommended

Option b is correct because keeping patients NPO reduces pancreatic enzyme secretion, allowing inflammation to resolve initially.
Option a is incorrect because high fat foods strongly stimulate pancreatic secretion, worsening inflammation and pain significantly.
Option c is incorrect because solid foods stimulate pancreatic secretion and should be avoided during acute inflammation periods.
Option d is incorrect because alcohol is strictly prohibited as it directly damages pancreatic tissue and worsens inflammation.

Correct Answer: Respect dietary restrictions

Option b is correct because incorporating cultural and religious dietary practices ensures recommendations are practical and acceptable to patients.
Option a is incorrect because ignoring cultural preferences leads to non-compliance and ineffective nutritional interventions for diverse populations.
Option c is incorrect because enforcing standard diets without cultural consideration results in poor adherence and treatment failure.
Option d is incorrect because dismissing religious practices alienates patients and prevents successful nutritional counseling and behavior change.