D570 Cognitive Psychology - Set 4 - Part 2

Correct Answer: Structural description analysis

Option b is correct because geon theory involves analyzing objects' structural descriptions from geometric components.
Option a is incorrect because geon theory uses structural analysis, not exact template matching.
Option c is incorrect because geons involve structured relationships, not just feature lists.
Option d is incorrect because geon theory emphasizes component analysis, not holistic processing.

Correct Answer: Active search continuation

Option b is correct because hypermnesia suggests continued memory search can recover initially inaccessible information.
Option a is incorrect because improvement over time contradicts passive decay without additional processing.
Option c is incorrect because hypermnesia involves active retrieval processes, not just automatic strengthening.
Option d is incorrect because systematic improvement indicates active processes, not random fluctuations.

Correct Answer: Language learning facilitation

Option b is correct because joint attention enables word learning by establishing shared reference.
Option a is incorrect because joint attention involves social cognition, not visual acuity development.
Option c is incorrect because joint attention concerns shared focus, not motor coordination development.
Option d is incorrect because joint attention involves social attention, not sensory integration processes.

Correct Answer: Narrows attention focus

Option b is correct because weapon presence narrows attention to the threat, impairing peripheral details.
Option a is incorrect because weapon focus impairs memory for peripheral details, not enhancing everything.
Option c is incorrect because memories form but are limited to central threatening elements.
Option d is incorrect because weapon focus specifically impairs face recognition through attention narrowing.

Correct Answer: Speech sound boundaries

Option b is correct because categorical perception is especially strong for phoneme boundaries in speech.
Option a is incorrect because musical notes show less categorical perception than speech sounds.
Option c is incorrect because color perception shows weaker categorical boundaries than speech phonemes.
Option d is incorrect because texture gradients are perceived continuously, not categorically like speech.

Correct Answer: Mental set formation

Option b is correct because Einstellung involves mental sets that block perception of alternative solutions.
Option a is incorrect because the problem is rigidity from overlearned patterns, not retrieval failure.
Option c is incorrect because attention may be focused but rigid, not deficient in Einstellung.
Option d is incorrect because perception is constrained by mental set, not distorted sensory processing.

Correct Answer: Offline processing enhancement

Option b is correct because sleep enables offline processing that consolidates and enhances skill memories.
Option a is incorrect because sleep consolidates existing memories rather than encoding new information.
Option c is incorrect because sleep enhances memory traces themselves, not generating retrieval cues.
Option d is incorrect because sleep actively consolidates memories beyond just reducing interference.

Correct Answer: Social influence pressure

Option b is correct because children's suggestibility shows their memories are vulnerable to social influences.
Option a is incorrect because suggestibility involves external influence, not spontaneous fabrication by children.
Option c is incorrect because suggestibility involves distortion through influence, not natural decay processes.
Option d is incorrect because changes are systematically influenced, not random retrieval failures.

Correct Answer: Cognitively reinterpreted flexibly

Option b is correct because benign masochism shows cognitive framing can transform negative experiences into enjoyment.
Option a is incorrect because the phenomenon shows emotional responses can change, not remain fixed.
Option c is incorrect because the enjoyment is systematically learned, not randomly activated.
Option d is incorrect because cognitive reinterpretation can override initial biological responses.

Correct Answer: Spreading activation effect

Option b is correct because faster related-word recognition shows activation spreading through semantic networks.
Option a is incorrect because the task measures semantic priming, not episodic memory retrieval.
Option c is incorrect because the effect involves semantic relationships, not phonological processing.
Option d is incorrect because priming occurs for semantic relations, not visual similarity.

Correct Answer: Global structure initially

Option b is correct because global precedence shows visual system processes overall structure before details.
Option a is incorrect because global properties are processed before local features, not vice versa.
Option c is incorrect because processing follows systematic global-to-local order, not random sequence.
Option d is incorrect because global structure dominates initially, with detail processing occurring subsequently.

Correct Answer: Internal thought generation

Option b is correct because frequent mind-wandering reveals consciousness naturally generates internal thoughts.
Option a is incorrect because mind-wandering shows difficulty maintaining external focus, not natural maintenance.
Option c is incorrect because mind-wandering involves internal thoughts overriding sensory processing.
Option d is incorrect because mind-wandering demonstrates inconsistent rather than constant task engagement.

Correct Answer: Distinctive motor component

Option b is correct because producing words aloud adds distinctive motor components enhancing memory.
Option a is incorrect because the effect involves motor production, not just visual processing.
Option c is incorrect because production requires more effort, not reduced cognitive load.
Option d is incorrect because the benefit comes from motor distinctiveness, not semantic elaboration.

Correct Answer: Extrapolation beyond input

Option b is correct because boundary extension shows perception actively extrapolates beyond given information.
Option a is incorrect because systematic extension beyond boundaries shows perception isn't exact storage.
Option c is incorrect because boundary extension is systematic extrapolation, not random error.
Option d is incorrect because the phenomenon involves adding information, not just losing details.

Correct Answer: Mirror neuron networks

Option b is correct because mirror neurons could enable emotion understanding through internal simulation.
Option a is incorrect because emotional simulation involves motor/emotional mirroring, not visual processing.
Option c is incorrect because simulation involves online mirroring, not retrieving stored memories.
Option d is incorrect because embodied simulation uses motor/emotional systems, not language centers.

Correct Answer: Stable perceptual interpretation

Option b is correct because saccadic suppression maintains perceptual stability by blocking blur awareness.
Option a is incorrect because suppression shows consciousness doesn't require continuous input during saccades.
Option c is incorrect because suppression involves perceptual stability, not light intensity requirements.
Option d is incorrect because suppression affects entire visual field, not specifically peripheral activation.

Correct Answer: Cues substitute context

Option b is correct because strong retrieval cues can compensate for context mismatch effects.
Option a is incorrect because strong cues eliminate context effects, not context overriding cues.
Option c is incorrect because strong cues alone can be sufficient, not requiring both.
Option d is incorrect because both context and cues demonstrably affect recall under different conditions.

Correct Answer: Multisensory integration patterns

Option b is correct because the illusion requires integrating synchronous visual-tactile information for ownership.
Option a is incorrect because visual appearance alone doesn't create ownership without tactile synchrony.
Option c is incorrect because the illusion overrides knowledge that the hand is fake.
Option d is incorrect because ownership occurs without motor control over the rubber hand.

Correct Answer: Novelty detection processing

Option b is correct because repetition suppression indicates neural systems detect and respond to novelty.
Option a is incorrect because suppression shows decreased, not amplified, responses to repetition.
Option c is incorrect because suppression is systematic adaptation, not random response variation.
Option d is incorrect because responses decrease with repetition, not maintaining constant output.

Correct Answer: Internal context cues

Option b is correct because mood congruency shows emotional states act as internal retrieval contexts.
Option a is incorrect because mood congruency enhances retrieval, not erasing memories.
Option c is incorrect because the effect involves retrieval context, not attention focusing.
Option d is incorrect because mood affects retrieval through context, not rehearsal strategies.